A friend of mine who is in the PCB repair industry, representing ABI Electronics as a field support engineer to train customers on how to use their range of test and troubleshooting products, wrote the following post on his LinkedIn account:
Thought I'd join in the fun and share my two cents' worth:
The term PCB repair is more involved than just testing component or diagnosing faults. From my 30 years experience in this endeavor, I learned that you need to acquire the following skills of the trade:
2. Board and component test
3. Fault diagnostic and troubleshooting
4. Schematic analysis (if available)
5. Partial or full PCB reversing (if unavailable)*
6. Soldering and rework
7. Component identification and handling
The fifth point is necessary if the board is burnt or suffered physical damage that impacted its electrical integrity. PCB-RE is especially useful in the absence of schematic diagrams.